The Mother Armenia Memorial Complex was opened on November 29 in 1950 in the Haghtanak (Victory) park. The architect was Rafael Israelyan, Armenian architect and designer based in Yerevan.
Initially, a 17 meter (approximately 55 feet) statue to Stalin was erected on the pedestal. The statue’s sculptor was Sergey Dmitrievich Merkurov, a Soviet sculptor mounumentalist of Greek-Armenian descent. Three years after Stalin passed away his cult of personality was denounced. A decision was made to remove all the statues devoted to him. Armenia was among the last ones to remove the statue in 1962. During the removal a soldier died and dozens of people were injured. Years later Israelyan admitted that he was sure Stalin would not occupy the pedestal forever and therefore had designed it in a way as to resemble a three-nave Armenian church.
Five years later, in 1967 Mother Armenia statue by sculptor Ara Harutyunyan was erected on the pedestal. It is 22 meters (approximately 72 feet) high. On the whole, the monument and the statue taken together are 51 meters (approximately 167 feet) high. The statue and the pedestal are made of different materials. The statue is made of hammered copper and the pedestal – of basalt. Mother Armenia statue holding a huge sword in her hands and a shield at her feet seems to guard Yerevan and Armenia against possible attacks and invasions.